Solution to Wren & Martin: Exercise - 125

1. The more haste, the less speed.

Answer:  Epigram

2. I must be taught my duty, and by you!
Answer: Irony

3. Plead, Sleep, my cause, and make her soft like thee.
Answer:  Apostrophe

4. Charity suffereth long, and is kind.
Answer: Personification

5. He makes no friends, who never made a foe.
Answer: Epigram

6. He that planted the ear, shall he not here? He that formed the eye, shall He not see?
Answer: Interrogation

7. Let not ambition mock their useful toil.
Answer: Synecdoche

8. To gossip is a fault; to libel, a crime; to slander, a sin.
Answer: Climax

9. Oh! What a noble mind is here overthrown!
Answer: Exclamation

10. Excess of ceremony shows want of breeding.
Answer: Epigram

 11. Why all this toil for triumph of an hour?
Answer: Interrogation

12. Fools who came to scoff, remained to pray.
Answer: Antithesis

13. The Puritan had been rescued by no common deliverer from the grasp of no common foe.
Answer: Litotes

14. The cup that cheers but not inebriates.
Answer: Metonymy

15. You are a pretty fellow.
Answer: Irony

16. Hasten slowly.
Answer: Oxymoron

17. Hail! Smiling morn.
Answer: Apostrophe

18. Can two walk together, except they be agreed?
Answer: Interrogation

19. Curses are like chickens; they come home to roost.
Answer: Simile

20. A thousand years are as yesterday when it is passed.
Answer: Hyperbole

21. The prisoner was brought to the dock in irons.
Answer: Synecdoche

22. We had nothing to do, and we did it very well.
Answer: Paradox/Oxymoron

23. Boys will be boys.
Answer: Epigram

24. The cloister opened her pitying gate.
Answer: Personification/Transferred Epithet

25. Lowliness is young Ambition’s ladder.
Answer:  Metaphor

26. Language is the art of concealing thought.
Answer: Epigram

27. Must I stand and crouch under your tasty humour?
Answer: Interrogation

28. Exult, O shores, and ring, O bells!
Answer: Apostrophe

29. He followed the letter, but not the spirit of the law.
Answer: Antithesis

30. One truth is clear: whatever is, is right.
Answer: Irony

31. I came, I saw, I conquered.
Answer: Climax

32. Labour, wide as the earth, has its summit in heaven.
Answer: Simile

33. Just for a handful of silver he left us.
Answer: Synecdoche

34. They were swifter than eagles; they were stronger than lions.
Answer: Hyperbole

35. Swiftly flies the feathered death.
Answer: Metaphor

36. It is a wise father that knows his own child.
Answer: Epigram

37. Brave Macbeth, with his brandished steel, carved out his passage.
Answer: Synecdoche

38. Sweet Thames! Run softly, till I end my song.
Answer: Apostrophe

39. There is only one cure for the evils which newly acquired freedom produces-and that cure is freedom.
Answer: Epigr

40. Sweet Auburn, loveliest village of the plain, 

 Where health and plenty cheered the laboring swain.
  Answer: Apostrophe

41. So spake the seraph Abdiel faithful found
Among the faithless, faithful only he.
Answer: Antithesis

42. Youth is full of pleasure,
Age is full of care.
Answer: Antithesis

43. Like the dew on the mountain,
Like the foam on the river,
Like the bubble on the fountain,
Thou art gone and forever.
Answer: Simile

44. An Honour’s voice provoke the silent dust,
Or Flattery soothe the dull cold ear of death?
Answer: Personification

45. Golden lads and girls all must,
As chimney-sweepers, come to dust.
Answer: Antithesis

46. Sweet are the uses of adversity,
Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous,
Wears still a precious jewel in its head.
Answer: Simile

47. The naked everyday he clad
When he put on his clothes.
Answer: Pun

48. O mischief, thou art swift
To enter in the thoughts of desperate men.
Answer: Apostrophe

49. Knowledge is proud that it knows so much,
Wisdom is humble that it knows no more.
Answer: Personification

50.At once they rush’d
Together as two eagles on one prey
Come rushing down together from the clouds,
One from east, one from west.
Answer: Simile

51. Errors, like straws, upon the surface flow,
He who would search for pearls must dive below.
Answer: Simile

52. The best way to learn a language is to speak it.
Answer: Epigram

53. Sceptre and crown
Must tumble down,
And in the dust be equal made
with the poor crooked scythe and spade.
Answer: Metonymy

54. O Solitude! Where are the charms
That sages have seen in thy face?
Answer: Apostrophe

55. I thought ten thousand swords must have leapt from their scabbards to avenge a look that threatened her with insult.
Answer: Hyperbole

56. The soldier fights for glory, and a shilling a day.
Answer: Anticlimax

57. His honour rooted in dishonour stood,
And faith unfaithful kept him falsely true.
Answer: Oxymoron

58. They speak like saints, and act like devils.
Answer: Antithesis

59. He was a learned man among lords, and a lord among learned men.
Answer: Epigram

60. Speech was given to man to conceal his thoughts.
Answer: Epigram

Page - 94 & 100

                                         Page -94

1. Convert the Simple Sentences into Complex Sentences by using Nominal (Noun) Clause:

(i)                         I hope that I shall win the prize.

(ii)                      He confessed that he made a fault.

(iii)                   I pray that you will get success.

(iv)                   He has promised that he will help you.

(v)                      Tell what is true.

(vi)                   Do you consider that she is worthy?

(vii)                I request that you will help me.

(viii)             His silence proves that he is guilty.

(ix)                   She desires that she should go.

(x)                      Do you think I am a fool?

2. Change the following Complex sentences into Simple Sentences:

(i) Tell me your name. OR What is your name?

(ii) She asked me the reasons of my arrival.

(iii) He believed me to have done this.

(iv) His happiness is unknown to all.

(v) Her face showed her illness.

(vi) I do not know the time of my returning.

(vii) He said himself to be innocent.

(viii) I know the place of her birth.

(ix) All hope the better time to come.

(x)                      Wise is respected.

(xi)                   I saw him climbing down.

(xii)                Tell me the meaning.

Page – 100

1.  Convert the following sentences into Compound Sentences:
(i) She is wise enough and so he can accept the offer.
(ii) He was ill and so he could not do it.

(iii) I attend the school and escape being fined.
(iv) He is not only a liar but also a thief.
(v) You must apologize or you will be punished.

(vi) He threw off his shirt and plunged into the sea.
(vii) It is a drought and so the crop is short.

(viii) He is not only a deaf but also a dumb.
(ix) Not only money but also health is necessary to be happy.
(x) She was ill and so she was rejected.
(xi) You must study hard or you will not pass the examination.
(xii) He is wise enough and so he can accept the offer.
(xiii) He made a great effort and so he lifted the weight.
(xiv) Everybody deserted me but you did not.
(xv) She is sorrowful but she is hopeful.
(xvi) He picked up a ruler and hit the boy.
(xvii) He not only gave me praise but also blame.
(xviii) He was poor but he was happy.
(xix) She remained absent and so she saved herself.
(xx) He is not only sane but also honest.

2.  Convert the following Compound Sentences into Simple ones.
(i) You must not be abstract but practical.
(ii)  It is not noble to be done with a motive.
(iii) The ink having dried up, I could not write.
(iv)  In spite of trying his best he failed to finish it.
(v) We must hurry to catch the train.
(vi)   Run fast to catch the train.
(vii) You must either pay the bill at once or return the goods.
(viii) He became a player by practicing daily. Or
Having practiced daily he became a player.
(ix) We must not be late to catch the train.
(x) He surprised us utterly by forgiving his enemy.
(xi) In spite of his being very poor, he does not complain.
(xii) We must eat to live.
(xiii) In spite of his being steady worker, he is slow.
(xiv) In spite of crying she did not complain.
(xv) In spite of escaping many times, he was finally caught.
(xvi) We gave them.
(xvii) Be good to be happy.
(xviii) Besides his making promise, he also kept it.
(xix) In spite of her reading the story, she could not tell it.
(xx) My friend having arrived, we went for a picnic.
(xxi) Besides doing this, he offended his master.

(xxii) You must not be late to avoid fine.

 

 

 

Words and Expression 1: Unit 7 NCERT Class 9

Words and Expression 1: Unit 7

Page – 98

5.  Find words in the passage that mean the opposite of the words given below. Write the words in space provided.

(a)           Inappropriate - appropriate

(b)           Slightly - overly

(c)            Forget - remember

(d)           Concealed - clean

(e)           Disarranged – arranged

6. Read the following groups of words. All but one is synonyms. Circle the odd one out.

(a)           rummaging – driving

(b)           squashed – unpacked

(c)            organize – arrange

(d)           rubbish – polished

Page – 99

1.Tick the correct order of the words to make a complete sentence.

The man / a boy/ on the shore / saw / standing

Answer – The man saw a boy standing on the shore. ADBEC

Page – 100

4. Answer – sharks

6. Answer – traveler

7. Answer – hero

Page – 105

2. Rearrange each set of words to make sentences. Use appropriate punctuation marks.

(a)           The court appointed him guardian of the orphan child.

(b)           Time makes friends the worst enemies.

(c)            They elected him secretary of the club.

(d)           We saw the approaching storm.

 

 

 

Figures of Speech

 

                                  Figures of Speech

Alankaroti Yaha Asau Alankaraha.(Sanskrit)

A figure of Speech adorns the ideas or facts, statements to form a great impression on the listener or the readers.

In other words it may be said that Figures of Speech beautify one’s / a / your/ our language.

See the following examples.

1. If you don't come to me tomorrow, I will fill this pond with my precious tears.

2. You play cricket like Tendulkar.

3. You are Tendulkar of your Cricket Team.

4. The player is playing in the playground properly.

5. Danger knows full well that I am more dangerous than danger.

Some Figures of Speech are as under.

1.   Simile,

Simile is a figure of speech in which a comparison is made between two objects on a few similar characteristics.

(i) You play cricket like Virat Kohli.

 (ii)He runs like a horse.

 (iii) She sings like Lata Mangeshkar.

A Simile is normally introduced by "as","like","so" etc.

(i) He is as cool as cucumber.

(ii) They are as bold as brass.

(iii) She is as clear as crystal.

(iv) He is as proud as a peacock.

2. Metaphor,

In Metaphor the comparison is made between two objects on almost all the characteristics.

(i) You are Virat Kohli of your team.

(ii) He is a horse in the race.

(iii) She is Lata Mangeshkar of our school.

(iv) The camel is the ship of the desert.

Here we find that the comparison is made directly on all the characteristics / points /qualities found in both "You" and "Virat Kohli". And the very same cases are found with"He"

and "horse", "She and "Lata Mangeshkar".

3. Personification,

In Personification the inanimate objects or ideas are expressed in a way that it seems they have life and wisdom.

(i) Death lays his icy hand on kings.

(ii) Laughter holding both her sides.

(iii) I am silver and exact,

(iv) I have no preconception.

(v) Whatever I see I swallow immediately

     Just as it is, unmisted by love or dislike. (Mirror)

Here mirror is expressed in a way; it seems it has life and wisdom. Hence it is Personification.

4. Alliteration,

Alliteration is a kind of poetic device in which the initial

Consonant sounds are repeatedly used. In other words it is a repetition of an initial consonant sound.

The fair breeze blew

The white foam flew

The furrow followed free

We were the first

That ever burst

Into that silent sea. (Ancient Mariner)

5. Irony,

Irony is a way of expression made just opposite of what one really means to say. In Greek comedy the character eiron was a "dissembler". In most of the use of the term there remains the root sense of dissimulation or a difference between what is asserted and what is actually the case.(Jacob Abraham)

Verbal Irony is a statement in which the implicit meaning intended by the speaker differs from that which is unconsciously asserts. In such works which exhibit Structural Irony the author instead of using an occasional verbal irony introduces a structural feature which serves to sustain in duplicity of meaning. One common device of this sort is the invention of naive hero or a naive narrator.

Socratic Irony involves a situation in a play in which the words or acts of a character carry a meaning unperceived by himself or other characters but understood by the audience. They expect the opposite of what fate hold in store.

In Iconic Irony destiny or God or universal process is shown manipulating the life of the protagonist and enhance total destruction. Such a work is Thomas Hardy's Tess of d'Urbervilles.

Romantic Irony occurs when the author builds up artistic illusion only to break it down by revealing that as artist he is the builder and manipulator of his character and their actions. Byrons in his poems ‘Don – Juan’ constantly employees this device.

6. Hyperbole,

Hyperbole is a kind of figure of speech in which over statement is made. It is called exaggeration.

(i) Thousands of thanks for helping me in this situation.

(ii) Why, man, if the river is dry, I am able to fill it with tears.

(iii) Here's the smell of blood still; All the perfume of Arabia will

not sweeten this little hand.

(iv) O Hamlet! thou hast cleft my heart in twain.

7. Oxymoron,

In Oxymoron the statement is made contradictory,

(i) Abundant poverty is found in this region.

(ii) He is my friendly contestant.

(iii) I have got a CD of a new classical music.

(iv) He accepted it as the kind cruelty of the surgeon's knife.

8. Pun,

Pun expresses different meanings for the same sound or word.

(i) The panther changes its spots according to the spots.

(ii) The gardener is fetching water to water the plants.

(iii) I need a pen to pen a letter.

(iv) Is life worth living?  It depends upon the liver.

9. Apostrophe,

Apostrophe is a Figure of Speech in which a person, thing, an abstract idea or imaginary object is addressed directly. This is a form of Personification

(i) O judgement!  thou art fled to brutish beasts.

(ii) O death! Where is thy sting?

(iii) O grave! Where is thy victory?

(iv) O liberty! What crime have been committed in thy name?

(v) O solitude! Where are the charms

      That sages have seen in thy face?

10. Antithesis,

Antithesis is a Figure of Speech in which

 (1) An argument put forward to correct or change by opposing the first.

(2) A contrast in which opposing ideas are expressed within a balanced grammatical structure. (Jacob Abraham)

(i) Not that I loved Caesar less,

    but that I loved Rome more.

(ii)  Man proposes, God disposes.

(iii) To err is human, to forgive divine.

11. Epigram,

Epigram  (Gr)  is any short poem, amorous, elegiac, meditative, complementary anecdotal or satiric which is polished, condensed and pointed. An Epigram ends with a surprising or witty turn of thought.(Jacob Abraham)

(i)                          Swans sing before they die-"t were no bad thing

                 Should certain people die before they sing".

    (ii) Fools rush in where angels fear to tread.

(iii)                    The fool doth thing he is wise, but the wise man knows himself to be fool.

(iv)                      The child is the father of a man.

12. Metonymy,

Metonymy is a Figure of Speech in which one word is used with the intention that it will suggest another.(Jacob Abraham)

In Metonymy the object is indicated by naming something accompanying it so that a concrete adjunct is made to stand for the abstract idea. (L. Brander)

(i) The Crown, for the king,

(ii) Neptune, for the sea,

(iii) Red tape, for the routine of the office,

(iv) The bench, for the judges.

13. Transferred Epithet

Transferred Epithet is a figure of Speech in which an adjective or an adverb is not used with the word it qualifies, but is associated with the some other words to which it transfers its meaning. (Jacob Abraham)

(i) Troy's proud walls lie level with the ground

(ii) He passed a sleepless night.

(iii) A lackey presented an obsequious cup of coffee.

(iv) A ploughman homeward plods his weary way.

14. Litotes,

 Litotes is Greek for "plain" or "simple". It is an expression in which the fact or idea is accepted by denying its negation.

(i) The weather is not bad.

(ii) "-----and that strife was not inglorious,

      though the event was dire.

(iii) You did not sing a bad song.

(iv) She is not a little.

15. Climax,

 Climax (Gr Klimax) is a Figure of Speech in which the series of ideas are arranged in order of increasing importance. In other words the point in a play or narration at which the Crisis reaches its peak and resolution follows. (Jacob Abraham)

(i) He came, saw and conquered.

(ii) Simple, erect, severe, austere, sublime.

(ii)                       What a piece of work is man!

How noble is reason!

How infinite in faculties!

In action, how like an angel!

In apprehension, how like a god! (Wren and Martin)

16. Anticlimax,

Anticlimax (Gr-'down- ladder'):-Sinking after deliberate from the sublime to the ridiculous, in order to achieve a comic or satiric effect.(Jacob Abraham)

Thus Thomas Gray, in his mock-heroic Ode on the Death of a Favorite Cat, drowned the cat when she tried a goldfish. The poet gravely inserted there the observation.

(i)                          And thou, Dalhousie, the great god of war,

                 Lieutenant-Colonel to the Earl of Mar.

(ii)                       Here, thou, great Anna! whom three realms obey,

                 Dost sometimes counsel take-and sometimes tea.

    (iii) The soldiers fight for glory, a shilling a day.

17. Onomatopoeia,

 Onomatopoeia is a Figure of Speech in which the sound echoes the sense. (Jacob Abraham) In other words in Onomatopoeia the speaker imitates the sounds associated with the objects or actions he/she refers to.

(i)                          Hark, hark,

                 Bow, wow.

                 The watch dog bark.

(ii)                       Canon to right of them,

                  Canon to left of them,

                  Canon in front of them,

                  Volley'd and thunder'd

18. Refrain,

A Refrain is a kind of poetic device in which a line is normally

repeated at the end of every verse.

I chatter, chatter, as I flow

To join the brimming river,

For men may come and men may go,

But I go on forever.

Till last the Philip's farm I flow

To join the brimming river,

For men may come and men may go

But I go on forever.

19. Euphemism,

Euphemism consists in the description of a disagreeable thing by an agreeable name. (Wren & Martin)

You are telling me a fairy tale. (a lie)

20. Exclamation.

Exclamation is a figure of speech in which the impression is made by using an exclamatory form of statement.

See the following examples:

(i) 'Liberty, freedom, and enfranchisement!

(ii) Live, Brutus! Live, live!

(iii) O piteous Spectacles!

(iv) O noble Caesar!

(v) O woeful day!

(vi) O traitors, villains!

(vii) O most bloody sight!

(viii) O, what a fall was there,  my countrymen!

(ix) Revenge! About! Seek! Burn! Fire! Kill! Slay!

(x) Let not a traitor live!

(xi) Peace, ho! Hear Antony. Most noble Antony!

(xii) Never, never. Come, away, away!

Words and Expression 1: Page - 82, 86, 87, 88, 89, and 90 Solution: NCERT -Class 9

 

Page 82

1. Choose the correct option from the bracket and fill in the blanks:

(a) – average

(b) – timid

© - suggest

(d) - disliked

(e)  - great

Page – 84

2. Locate words from the passage with similar meaning:

(a) reduce – diminish

(b) only one – sole

©dupe – deceiving

(d) permanent effect – indelible

Page – 86

Vocabulary:

Make noun forms of he given words. One is done for you:

(a)          Know – knowledge

(b)         Accept – acceptance

(c)           Separate – separation

(d)         Oblige – obligation

(e)          Achieve- achievement

Page – 87

3. Make words from the box given below and match the words that go along with them. You may use some of the words more than once.

Write the words here:

Fine-tune

Water- proof

Sound-proof

Heart-felt

Communal harmony

Newspaper

Study –tour

Sound system

Kill-joy

Page – 87 & 88

3. You would have come across some words from Indian language used in the chapter ‘My childhood’ in your textbook, Beehive.

Look up the dictionary in the English language and find ten words which are of Indian origin. Two are done for you.

(a)          Chutney

(b)         Karma

(c)           Khaki

(d)         Masala

(e)          Dak

(f)            Pandit

(g)          Lassi

(h)         Rail

(i)             Jail

(j)             Naik

(k)          Pyjama

(l)             Kaftan

Page – 88

Grammar;

1.  Fill in the blanks to complete the process of washing clothes in a machine. Use passive form of the verbs given in brackets.

Taken

Separated

Made

Put

Added

Set

Removed

Hung.

Page – 89 & 90

3. Phrasal Verb

(a)          broken down

(b)         break up

(c)           broke into

(d)         break open

(e)          break away

 

 

Try Yourself – V - G K Primary Section ii

Let Us Practise:

A. Choose the correct answer for each of the following answers:

1.              Which is the underground part of a plant?

Answer:  © - Root

2.              Which of the following is a bulb vegetable?

Answer: (b) - Garlic

3.              Which fruit ripens from the inside out?

Answer: (a) - Pear

4.              How can you protect Mother Nature? Write any three points.

Answer: (a) Respecting and protecting the environment

(b) The packages of things you buy should be environment-friendly,

© Not polluting environment.

    B. Match the following pictures with their names:

          (a) – 3 Swaddled babies

          (b) – 1 Hail

          © - Plants saplings